ABSTRACT
Introduction: The frequency of underlying pathology causing pancytopenia varies considerably depending upon various factors including geographic distribution and genetic disturbances. The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the management and prognosis of the patients with pancytopenia. The basic investigations in a suspected case of pancytopenia include Complete Blood Count with peripheral blood film and Reticulocyte count. Aim: To evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of patients presenting with pancytopenia. Materials and methods: A total of 65 patients were identified over a period of 12months were included in the study. Basic investigations were performed for each patient including Haemoglobin, Total leukocyte count, Platelet count, Reticulocyte count. Absolute values including packed cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were calculated for every patient. Results: 24.62% of patients had aplastic anemia. Of which 10 (62.5%) were male and 6 (37.5%) were female Mean age of patients with aplastic anemia is 33.43 yrs. Average Hb% of these patients are 4.78 gms%.56.25% of patients had thrombocytopenia < 100000 cells/chum Megaloblastic anaemia was more common in females (14) compared to males (11) in our study. While aplastic anemia is common in males (10) than females (6); both of which are statistically significant. Anisopoikilocytosis (92%) and hyper segmented neutrophils (92%) are the most common findings in peripheral smear of patients with megaloblastic anaemia. Hypersplenism, MDS, viral infections were P. S. Rani, K. Sureshkumar. To evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of patients presenting with pancytopenia in Government Dharmapuri Medical College Hospital, Dharmapuri. IAIM, 2017; 4(6): 125-131. Page 126 common in males; while acute leukaemia’s, myelofibrosis were common in females. Both of which is statistically insignificant. Conclusion: As much physicians should have a high index of suspicion for Vitamin B12 deficiency when dealing with patients presenting with symptoms of anemia such as pallor and weakness and/or diagnosed with pancytopenia on further workup. The finding of hyper segmented neutrophils in the peripheral smear will guide in the diagnosis of megaloblatic anemia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Heart failure is the end stage of all diseases of the heart and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Since 1970s the treatment of CHF has been transformed, resulting in major benefit to patients. This advance has been the consequence of better understanding of the pathophysiology, investigations, the introduction of newer drugs and cardiac transplantation. Aim of the study: To find out the prevalence of congestive heart failure among the patients admitted in the hospital and to analyse their presenting features and precipitating factors. Materials and methods: A total of 196 cases that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria stated above were taken up for subsequent study. Results: During the study period, 6072 patients were admitted in the medical wards. Out of them 196 satisfied the inclusion criteria. So the prevalence was 3.2 % (196/6072). Among the 196, 7 were expired, thus case fatality rate was 3.5% (7/196). Conclusion: The prevalence of congestive heart failure among hospitalized was 3.2 %Congestive heart failure was common among the age group of 45 – 65 years. Drug intake mainly Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anaemia and infections were the most common precipitating factors